๐ช๐บ ESA (European Space Agency)
Figure 2. Critical Technology Capability Tiers Country Profile Strength Weakness Tier 1. Frontier Nations ๐บ๐ธ United States Asymmetric ๐ฎ๐ฑ Israel Asymmetric Tier 2 Nations ๐จ๐ณ ChinaAsymmetric ๐ซ๐ท FranceAsymmetric Tier 3 Nations ๐ฎ๐น ItalyAsymmetric ๐ฏ๐ต JapanSpecialised ๐ฐ๐ท South KoreaSpecialised ๐ท๐บ RussiaBalanced ๐ฌ๐ง United KingdomAsymmetric Tier 4 Nations ๐ฆ๐บ AustraliaAsymmetric ๐ฉ๐ช GermanyAsymmetric ๐ณ๐ฑ NetherlandsAsymmetric ๐ณ๐ด NorwayAsymm
Chinaโs AI push has shifted from catching up at home to setting the rules abroad, melding chip self-reliance, state capital, and Digital-Silk-Road diplomacy into a single strategic engine.
Iran is notably a T4 Frontier, National Security nation with a clear strength in Hard Power and much weaker Soft and Economic Power profiles
Australia sits 19th on the Global Capability Frontier, with strong performance all around, but lacking a T1 role in any of the nine capability domains.