National AI Strategies
🇫🇷 France's National AI Strategy
GINC has written a timeline tracing key milestones in France’s AI strategy from 2024 back to 2014, along with links to relevant government documents and reports.
France
Intelligence Agencies
🇫🇷 Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE)
France's DGSE, founded in 1982 with about 7,000 staff and an €880 million budget, grew from WWII networks and the SDECE into today's counter-terrorism agency.
National Nuclear Strategies
🇫🇷 France's Nuclear Strategy
France's deterrent, Force de dissuasion, follows strict sufficiency: four Triomphant-class submarines with M51 missiles, since retiring land ICBMs in 1996.